Lab+and+HW

=Earth Science! = = = = November 25, 2009 = **Heat -->** The amount of thermal energy that transfers from an area or object of higher temperature to an area or object of lower temperature. **Thermal Energy -->** the total energy of all the particles in a solid, liquid or gas
 * Potential Energy -->** stored energy of an object or particle due to it's position or state

__Egg Example__ Obviously, heat is used to cook an egg. Here's how it works:

~Egg gains thermal energy, the __kinetic energy__ of the egg's atoms and molecules increases and so does it's temperature. ~ Egg heats up and cooks

Heat can be transferred in 3 ways: Conduction, Convection, Radiation   =November 26, 2009 =


 * ​ **Activity 10-1B p. 432,

Purpose: To investigate the rate of conductivity through different metals

Materials: four 8 cm conduction bars (steel, brass, copper, aluminum), felt pen, ruler, wax strips or candles, matches, hot plate, brick or block of wood, stopwatch, graph paper, coloured pens or pencil crayons

Procedure: See page 432


 * Reading Check, page 426**

1. Kinetic Molecular Theory- the theory that all matter is composed of particles (atoms and molecules) moving constantly in random directions

2. Temperature- a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of matter

3.Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin


 * Reading Check, page 427**

1. Thermal energy

2.The higher the temperature, the more energy there is.

3. The amount of thermal energy that transfers from an area or object of higher temperature to an area/object of lower temperature


 * Reading Check, page 428**

1. Conduction

2. Higher temperature to lower temperature

3. Materials that transfer heat easily

4. Insulators

**November 30, 2009 **

Purpose: How can you investigate the rate of conductivity through different metals?

Materials: - Four 8 cm conduction bars, Felt pen, Ruler, Wax strips or candles, Matches, Hot plate, Brick or block of wood<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;">, Stopwatch<span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore;">, Graph paper, Coloured pens or pencil crayons

Procedure: See page 432

Diagram:
 * Distance(cm) || Copper (Cu) || Aluinum(Al) || Lead (Pb) || Tin (Sn) || Carbon (C) || Zinc (Zn) ||
 * 0.0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 ||
 * 0.2 || 5sec || 4sec || 6sec || 3sec || 12sec || 6sec ||
 * 0.4 || 8sec || 10sec || 14sec || 21sec || 23sec || 13sec ||
 * 0.6 || 14sec || 21sec || 29sec || 30sec || 37sec || 29sec ||
 * 0.8 || 22sec || 34sec || 60sec || 48sec || 54sec || 55sec ||

Analyze:

1. Y ou could tell that heat was being produced because the wax was melting 2a) No not all because some of the metals were better thermal conductors than others 2b) Cu,Sn, Al, Pb ,Carbon ​ Conclude And Apply:

1. The kinetic molecular theory helps explain how thermal energy was transferred along the metal bars because the particles on the bars started moving faster and produced more heat from the candle. 2. I would use the least heat conductor because it won't burn me.

Conclusion:

I learn that all metals melt in a different rate, some melt fast and some melt really slow.

** December 1, 2009 **

20a) Albedo in a city would have less albedo then a forest area. A city have more material that can absorb solar radiation like concrete, asphalt, and roof shingles.

20b) Reducing albedo more a plaza I would prefer to use concrete

20c) Concrete is a good source of albedo because they don't absorb all the heat they reflect it as well.

20d) The longest roof covering thing would take the longest to cool down at night would be pale-coloured shingles.

20e) Colour shingles at night would take longer to cooldown at night because they hold on more heat then tar.

20f) The more thermal conductors the hotter the city would get and would turn into a urban heat island

20g) Transfer heat within fluids


 * December 10, 2009 **

12-1C Piecing Together Pangaea

​ Analzye 1. Africa and South America, because the lines were lined up between them 2. I would say the lines because they were suppose to connect all the pieces 3a. Madagascar because it was small 3b. A picture of pangaea

Conclude and Apply 1a. I first had to cut them out. Second, I placed the pieces of a blank sheet. Third, I looked at a picture of pangaea and kept trying until I got it. 1b. We both attached the pieces that we thought should be together 2. If there were only one piece you don't no what to do with it and if you had more the chances of solving it would be higher 3a. Well I think that we would be at where Asia is right now. 3b. It probably won't be on the coast anymore and thus effect the ecosystem. December 17, 2009 Pg 537 15a) Composite 15b) Rift eruptions 15c) Shield volcanoes Pg 538 12) The continental drift theory 13a) Convergent 13b) Divergent 13c) Transform 14) Because, continental can't go under into the mantle 15) Mountain ranges begin on a continent, end on a coastline and appear to continue on another continent across an ocean 16) Magma would just stand still and no volcanoes would occur 17) Studying volcanoes can help geologists find out how much magma is under the Earth's crust 18) Because two plates collide with each other 19) Large amounts of lava 20) Because different seismograms measure different types of ground motion 21a) Ridge 21b) Crater 21c) Crust 21d) ocenic crust 21e) Outer Mantle